reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf

/F1 6 0 R Federalism: Federal Features in the Colonial State." A chronology of critical events in Nigeria's political development from the adoption of a federal system in 1954 to the present is provided in Table 1. In examining post-independence constitution-making in Nigeria, this chapter finds that military rule blighted Nigerias capacity to respond appropriately to the challenges of federalism. As at the time of independence, the population of Nigeria was estimated at 45.21 million. Before the amalgamation of the Northern Protectorate and the Southern Protectorate in 1914, there was nothing like Nigeria. Also, there was a demand for more local regions by all these ethnic interest groups which was what led to the creation of new states. Rather there has been more challenges than benefits of this federal system. and Democracy in Nigeria, ISSUES IN NIGERIAN FISCAL FEDERALISM; THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PRINCIPLE OF DERIVATION AND RESOURCE CONTROL. This regional arrangement gave rise to ethnic sentiment and political struggle for the center among the three major ethnic groups in Nigeria. This post will give you some insight into why federalism was adopted as the system of governance in Nigeria. %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz We appreciate you. This understanding is also in tune with that of Jinadu (1979:15), who insists that Federalism is usually viewed as a form of governmental and institutional structure, deliberately designed by political architects, to cope with the twin but difficult task of maintaining unity while also preserving diversity. It is no news, therefore, that the peoples of Nigeria are diverse in different respects culturally, historically, socially, religiously, educationally, industriously, and even philosophically. Changes in Branch Office Registration Requirements With the total area of 923,768 km, Nigeria can not justifiably be administered by a lone leviathan from the top. International Relations - PRAHAAR | PDF | Joint Comprehensive Plan Of (eds. A large body of literature exists on Nigeria's fiscal federalism particularly with reference to revenue allocation. PDF Federalism in Nigeria: Accommodating Diversity and Promoting Stability The federal government however has occupied a very strong position vis--vis the State and Local government since the 1970's in Nigeria. Payment Details. Resource control: 3.7 7. stream The construct of federalism, which originates with the concept of intergovernmental relations, dates back to the Greek civilization. Biafrans who are geographically in the South and SouthEast of Ni-geria feel and believe that their economic and developmental prowess are not well represented in the Nigerian state, and this lack of representation leads to marginalization. At the heart of these crises are weak democratic institutions, which are sustained by bad leadership and a culture of impunity. Mere desire to unite is not enough but there must be the desire to remain separate in respect to other matters. However, it is also fact that since independence Nigeria has promulgated several constitutions and that if Nigeria wanted an alternative system of government, she could have opted for it. NIGERIAN FEDERALISM: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS - Academia.edu 2023, Bscholarly LLC. We can offhandedly list all of the reasons for the adoption of federal system in Nigeria. Such arrangement would inter alia breed neglect, frustration and aggression; no thanks to the red-tape inherent in unitarism. reasons for the adoption of federalism in nigeria pdf Advantages and Disadvantages of Federalism - Course Hero Federalism has been present in Nigeria since the former British colony was reorganized into a federation of three regions in 1946. Federalism in Nigeria. Federalism is a method of segregating powers so that the central and local governments are each within a domain, harmonizing and autonomous. The availability of resources in a particular region and the need for that area to control the resources has also been seen as a reason for a federal system in Nigeria. PDF Nigerian Federalism: Issues, Challenges and Prospects The benefits of federalism are that it can encourage political participation, give states an incentive to engage in policy innovation, and accommodate diverse viewpoints across the country. Federalism in Nigeria can be traced to Sir Frederick Lord Lugard , when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated in 1914. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. I have said that Nigeria is reputed to be the largest black country around, even Nigeria has claimed to be the giant of Africa by . Federalism and the United States Constitution - ThoughtCo The fact that these nations chose to adopt a federal system does not prove anything; it does, however, suggest that federalism may help these countries manage the problems that come with ethnic . READ ALSO: History of democracy in Nigeria from 1960. Military administration does not apply the principle of federation. /Resources << Regrettably, this system is founded on a militarily-conceived constitution lacking a fully enforceable bill of rights and clear governmental functions. << You can download the paper by clicking the button above. It also shows the growth rate as an engine to the development of economies of developing countries like Nigeria in this 21p century. And this is one of the factors responsible for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. Notwithstanding the above reasons for the adoption of Nigerian federalism, we can also mention some specific factors peculiar to Nigeria. In federalism, there is accountability, there is transparency. FRED EKPE F. AYOKHAI, Peter W I L F R E D Naankiel, This study, using content analysis, examined the impact of fiscal federalism and the struggles of ethnic minority groups in the Niger Delta on the trajectories of the national question in Nigeria. First, how to properly place peoples, better still - indigenes and ethnic groupings, in their relevant socio-economic categories; that is, in line with the oil windfalls. So, without wasting much time, what is a federal system of government? Therefore, striking an acceptable delicate balance between these two divides, has, time and again, become a well known problematic world over. In Nigeria, it could be argued that our federal system of government is the creation of British colonialism. Fear of insecurity and the desire for a Union Meaning of federalism? The Hausa Fulani and the Minorities feared the domination of political powers by the Igbos and Yorubas. Despite that, instead of unity, cooperation and consensus, there has been apparent division, disagreement, and dissension. Minority Marginalization 3.6 6. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! Are there certain inherent and primordial grievances and preferences? On the other hand; a constitution is unitary when there are created by the law made by the central legislature and their existence depends upon the government to control, supervision of the central government. Pls visit us again dear reader. ), Constitutionalism, Constitution Making and Constitutional Reform in Africa: Contemporary Perspectives from Sub-Saharan Africa, Chapter IX: The politics and policies of oil deregulation in Nigeria: Implications and policy suggestions. Political institutions, Kinship ties, Origin of towns and their cultural antecedents are enriched with similar history. /BitsPerComponent 8 /F4 15 0 R Fiscal federalism, sub-national revolts and internal colonialism in Nigeria This has nexus with the particular sharing formula adopted. +rohyC ! 9S ) ?roh _ O4C sR & Pf?? AK kyC?& Pf;_Hu j_ G$: 5/ History of federal system of government in nigeria. The contradictions generated by this rigional arrangement threatened Nigeria unity. Granted is the fact that federalism was launched in Nigeria by expatriate leaders, its continued existence since independence is standing firm on the interest of the indegeneous leaders. Since a strong bond links the process through which constitutions are produced and their degree of acceptance and effectiveness, questions over the Constitutions legitimacy prompted parliament to amend it in 2010. There are other political systems the country could have adopted but because of some reasons which I am going to share with you today, federalism seemed to be the best idea. So majority if not all of them were in favor of a federalist system of governance. It was believed that federal system of government would take care of the interest of the minority and human rights that had been the fear of the minority under colonial rule. /F3 12 0 R The federal system adopted in 1954 comprised a national government and three regional governments: Eastern, Northern, and Western. This was many times more the population of most African countries then. To make mortgage industry standards more flexible and modernized, the proposed rule would remove the requirement that lenders and mortgagees register with HUD each branch office . The constitution must be rigid to avoid frequent and unnecessary changes. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) is publishing this proposed rule to revise HUD's regulations for branch office registration requirements. It should be noted, however, that the Leagues significantly differ from modern federations in one respect: namely, while the various governments freely interacted, no prosperous direct contact between the populace of the various governments was permitted. The Evolution, Development and Practice of Federalism in Nigeria 3l:rmO"XDhG%2| /MediaBox [0 0 612 792] This type of government is also known as a "federation" or a "federal state" in common parlance (eg., United States of America). Nigeria can be said to be operating the federal system of government, whereas in actual practice, the country is tending towards a unitary system. Further Philosophical Issues 4.1 Sovereignty or federalism 4.2 Issues of Constitutional and Institutional Design 4.3 Sources of Stability 4.4 Division of Power 4.5 Distributive Justice /F6 21 0 R PDF Federalism, Politics and Corruption in Nigeria: Implications for Higher Does Federalism Make Sense For The Philippines? - Forbes Federalism, State creation and National Integration State creation like federal character, quota system, etc. stream five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. endobj /Contents 4 0 R In the case of Nigeria - how the oil money will be (in)judiciously dealt with. 4 0 obj Voter Turnout, Voting Behavior and Democratic Consolidation in Nigeria By Professor Sakah Saidu Mahmud Kwara State University, Malete 1. Do you want to know the basis and the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? Brad Simpson (2014) The Biafran secession and the limits of self-determination, Journal of Genocide Research, 16:2-3, 337-354, WARN POLICY BRIEF THE NIGERIA STATE AND THE BIAFRA QUESTION: THREATS TO OR OPPORTUNITIES FOR NATIONAL COHESION, LAST TRAIN TO BIAFRA - Memories of a Biafran Child: A Personal Family Experience, Fiscal Federalism, Ethnic Minorities and the National Question in Nigeria: Revisiting the Case of the Niger Delta People, WARN POLICY BRIEF WARN POLICY BRIEF THE NIGERIA STATE AND THE BIAFRA QUESTION: THREATS TO OR OPPORTUNITIES FOR NATIONAL COHESION, Biafra Resurgence: State Failure, Insecurity and Separatist Agitations in Nigeria, Biafra Separatism: Causes, Consequences and Remedies, The Nigerian State and the Quest for Restructuring: Implications for Democratic Consolidation, THE DISINTEGRATION OF YUGOSLAVIA: A LESSON FOR NIGERIA, MASSOB AND IPOB SELF DETERMINATION AND THE NIGERIA STATE, Ndi Igbo, Leadership, Nationhood, the Nigerian Dilemma and Why We Are All Biafrans, Death of a nation - Biafra and the Nigerian question.pdf, Exploring the Dimensions of Secessionist Agitations: Security Threats and Implications for Nigeria 1966-2016, REVISITING THE NIGERIA-BIAFRA WAR: THE INTANGIBLES OF POST- WAR RECONCILIATION, The Ambiguity of Constitutional Silence on State Secession in Nigeria: Looking Beyond Politics of Compassion and Prejudice, West Africa Insight Secessionist Movement ENGLISH Version, Situation Analysis on Public Safety and Security Governorship Election in Anambra State, IGBOS, A PEOPLE THRIVING AMIDST ADVERSITY: WHO ARE THE IGBOS, Pro-Biafran Activists and the call for a Referendum: A Sentiment Analysis of 'Biafraexit' on Twitter after UK's vote to leave the European Union, NIGERIA: WHAT IS TO BE DONE? Problems of Nigerian Federalism | Nigerian Federalism And this is one of the factors responsible for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria. It advocates good governance and a participatory approach to constitutional review as the foundations for strong constitutionalism in Nigeria. Also see: Historical constitutional development in Nigeria explained. This makes it possible for the minorities to be separated from the domination of big ethnic groups. Section 10 of the constitution rule outs the adoption of any religion as a state religion either. It discovered a positive relationship between the changes in the fiscal structure and the aggravation of ethnic minorities' struggles. ICT and Its Impact on National Development In Nigeria: An Overview ideology, federalism becomes the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the. Ethnic, Religious and Geographical Factor 3.5 5. Reasons for Federalism 3.1 Reasons for a federal order rather than separate states or secession 3.2 Reasons for preferring federal orders over a unitary state 4. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Reasons for the Adoption of Federalism in Nigeria. local government autonomy.docx - CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION In his judgment, Ogundare JSC agreed that the provisions to Sections 162(2) of the constitution re-stabilized the principle of derivation. Check your inbox to be the first to know the hottest news. Journal of public administration and Management Vol.6,No.12, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka. The Challenge of Domesticating Children's Rights Treaties in Nigeria Federalism also in this manner, preserves cultures of the minorities from being drowned in the ocean of the cultures of the majorities. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. To avert this domination, states unite to form a strong, virile and stable union capable of withstanding external attacks. Post-independence creation of states and further division of states created after independence was done as a framework for the development of Nigeria. In 1963 Midwestern region was created and Nigeria became a nation of four regions. PDF Nigeria'S Federalism and State Reorganization and Restructuring In Nigeria, there are different and distinct ethnic groups brought together by colonization. Nigeria- Constitutional Developments Political Economy Judiciary and (PDF) Politics Of Federalism in Nigeria: Preparing Human Capital for That notwithstanding, The origin and concept of federalism boasts of a very popular definition by an American scholar, K.C. According to Ayoade (2009:iii): Nigerians have come to identify the first republic 1960- 66 as the golden age of federalism in Nigeria. It furthers the University's objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide This particular corroborated federalism in Nigeria. However, the practice of fiscal federalism in Nigeria is a negation of true federalism. Federalism in Nigeria refers to the devolution of self-governance by the West African nation of Nigeria to its federated states, who share sovereignty with the Federal Government . It was under the 1954 constitution that federal system of government was fully adopted. (PDF) Federalism as a Political Ideology and System of Government: The Thus, Nigeria's federalism is not only complex but also hard to understand. 2) The Problem of Minorities: In Nigeria, there are majority groups and minority groups. Federalism was implemented in Nigeria as way back as 1946 during the British colonial era.